Continuation of Section D

D.4-5-6 Personality Dynamic

        D.4 Personality Dynamic for Self-Mastery

                According to my client, she is a nice little girl. She described herself as a good granddaughter because she can help her grandmother to clean their house, to wash their dishes and to wash their clothes. The client also said that she is studying well to have an award.

                  

D.5 Personality Dynamic for Relationship

                Based on the data that I’ve collected, the relationship of the client with her mother was good. When her mother went home they’re doing things that make them happy, her mother buy things that she wants. And in terms of her relationship with her father, it is not good because she never saw her father.

                    The client’s relationship with her teacher was partly good and partly not. Good because she can participate in a class activities and she can work with her peers. Not good because sometimes she don’t want to write in her writing notebook, she don’t want to answer their assignments and also she don’t want to use her pencil. In addition to that, the client is talkative and annoying that’s why her teacher became angry.

                             The client’s relationship with her peers was good, even though sometimes some of them are getting angry with her because she is annoying and talkative. In the other hand, the child is a good peer because she tutor some of her peers who are not understand what their teacher taught and she also shares her things in her peers.     

        D.6 Personality Dynamic for Action

               

                When the client wakes up in the morning, the first thing she did is to brush her teeth and washed her face. When it comes to her eating habit, the child knows what are the things needed, such as plate, glass, spoon and fork. She get all those things before she eat. She also knows how to get rice and dish from the casserole. While she’s eating, there are times that she played her food and even if she’s eating, she keeps on talking. After eating, she knows where to put dishes on a right place.

                   When the client is studying, she get first the things she needed like pencils, sharpener, eraser and notebook. She started it by sharpening her pencil then goes to writing, client do it on her own and not by the command of her grandmother. She wants to do her homework alone without the help of others. 

Continuation of Section D

Continuation of Section D

D.3 Sociograph

continuatuion of SEction D

D.2 Genogram

Section D: Psychosocial History

 

According to grandmother of my client, when my client is in her mother's womb her parents got separated. When she born, only her grandmother takes care of her and when she is 1yr. old her mother need to left her to find work, to support their needs.When she turned 3yrs. old, that was the first time she celebrates her birthday and when she turned 4yrs. old they don't celebrate her birthday because they need to went to cavite, their province to hide her in her father. Then finally, when she turned into 6, they went back home to study. 

case study

Case Study

vSection A: Personal Data Summary

Francheska Trinidad is a six year old child and she is my client. She was born on January 5, 2005 at Caloocan City. She is a Filipino citizen and her religion is Iglesia ni Cristo. Her mother’s name is Merdanela Trinidad and father’s name is Alfredo Egoy. She’s now studying at San Roque Day Care Center.      

vSection B: Joining Process

I ask permission to Mrs. Trinidad, my clients Grandmother, to observe her granddaughter, and Mrs. Trinidad cooperates with me. To build a good relationship to my client and also her family I treated them as my friend. I approach them in a good way and smiles at them every time I went to their home. Divergent questioning is one of the techniques that I used to extents our communication. I also used activities that client can write and draw the things that we are going to talk about while she is enjoying with me. Through those techniques and activities the client cooperates with me as well as her family.  

My goal is to help my client to realize those things that she doesn’t need to do and I expect that the client can recognize what’s wrong and right in doing things.

vSection C: Presenting Problems

According to Mrs. Mercy Trinidad, my client’s grandmother the client is very annoying and naughty. She said that the client is keep on climbing on their mango tree even though they’re telling the client to stop climbing and never do it again.

According to Teacher Mila Buenafe, my client’s teacher the client is talkative. She said that the client is keeps on talking and talking even though she is discussing in her class. She also said that the client always want to talk even if she is not asking to talk.

eced13 summary

BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

Burrhus Frederic Skinner - spent most of his professional life at Harvard. He has been described as the most influential psychologist of this century and he certainly set the stage for the development of behavior therapy.

Joseph Wolpe - receive his medical degree in South Africa and, after studying Pavlov, rebelled against his psychoanalytic training and devoted his career to an empirical approach to psychotherapy. He is best known for devising systematic desensitization.

Albert Bandura - Has taught psychology his entire career at Stanford University, where he has developed a broader perspective on behavior therapy by bringing in a social learning component.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

   The beginnings of behavioral therapy can be found at the crossroads of the rise of behaviorism as the philosophical view and empiricism as a growing method in psychology. With the advent of systematic desensitization in the 1950s, however, behavior therapy came into its own and grew quickly during the 1960s as an alternative to psychodynamic approaches.

VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

   Behavior therapists view humans as products of their experiences. People are neither good nor bad. But the behavior therapists do view humans as hedonistic in nature, responding to requests to end or decrease personal suffering or to promote greater pleasure and enjoyment in life. Behavior therapists have no model of optimal human functioning toward which clients led.

DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

   Psychopathology, from the behavioral perspective, is defined as behavior that is advantageous or dangerous to the individual and/or to other people. It can result from insufficient cues to predict consequences or from inadequate reinforcement. One of the most painful of all maladaptive behaviors stems from an overly severe set of self-standards, and the resulting excess of self-criticism.

GOALS OF THERAPY

  The goal of behavioral therapy is to extinguish the client's identified maladaptive behavior and to introduce or strengthen adaptive behavior that can serve as a replacement and enable him or her to live a productive life. 

   The key to reaching this goal is learning new behaviors. The relies on three paradigms that can stand alone but are often integrated in this approach:

• Respondent learning
• Operant conditioning
• Social modeling

 FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST

   The behavior therapist is generally very active in counseling. He or She serves as a consultant, a supporter, a resource, and a model. Functionally, the behavior therapist facilitates a process involving four major steps:

• Accurately defining the problem.
• Gathering a developmental history of the clients.
• Establishing specific goals.
• Determining the best methods for change.

MAJOR METHODS and TECHNIQUES

   Because its task is to resolve client symptoms, there are literally dozens and dozens of behavior therapy techniques. Some of the common methods include:

• Behavioral assessment - specifying  an individualize treatment plan.
• Positive reinforcement - giving reward for positive behavior.
• Token economies - using tokens to be exchanged for desired objects or privileges.
• Assertiveness training - enabling clients to express thoughts and feelings more freely.
• Modeling - learning through observing the behavior of another.
• Relaxation training - discriminating between tense and relaxed muscle groups to relax on cue.
• Systematic desensitization - paring of a neutral stimulus with one that are already elicits fear.
• Flooding - maximizing the anxious state of a client for eventual extinction.

APPLICATION

    Research has shown different forms of behavior therapy to be effective in treating anger, obsessive-compulsive disorders, phobias, depression, alcoholism, sexual dysfunction, parahilias, marital distress, and childhood disorders. It has been used successfully in a wide variety of settings.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

   Behavior therapy provides a relatively coherent conceptual framework of psychotherapy. It is committed to systematization, objectivity, evaluation, and a solid research base. It provides clients with an understanding of the treatment process and also supplies the practitioner with an abundance of effective techniques.

   Behavior therapy, however, is criticized for not dealing with the total person. Critics also point to relatively little attention the behavioral approach has devoted to the therapeutic process.

SUBMIITED BY:

BARDINAS, Evelyn

RENCIO, Jomalou

TANAYAN, Geraldine

TOLENTINO, Leopoldo

RIEZA, Freda

Learning Questions ECED11

Jomalou T. Rencio                               ECED 11

BEed III-A

LEARNING QUESTIONS

        Lesson 1

1.What are the factors that can affects the learning development of the child? and why?

2.What do you think are the implications for classroom practices?

3.Why educators need to become sensitive to individuality and curriculum content?

4.How can we know if the assessment is valid?

5.Why is it important to conduct a specialized training and skills for young children?

        Lesson 2

1.Why do we need to have a sufficient knowledge about the learning and development of a child?

2.Why do we need to have knowledge about the curriculum content?

3.As a teacher, why do we need to record important pieces of information about the child?

4.How can we facilitate learning and development of the child?

5.What is the use of group standardized test?

        Lesson 3

1.How important to have a circular questioning?

2.As a counselor, how can we use backtracking to help our client? Give some scenario.

3.Give some advantages in using time line.

4.Why do we need to gather information about the child?

5.How is it important to develop a different rhythm for each family or individual?

Summary of Behavioral Therapy

BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

Burrhus Frederic Skinner - spent most of his professional life at Harvard. He has been described as the most influential psychologist of this century and he certainly set the stage for the development of behavior therapy.

Joseph Wolpe - receive his medical degree in South Africa and, after studying Pavlov, rebelled against his psychoanalytic training and devoted his career to an empirical approach to psychotherapy. He is best known for devising systematic desensitization.

Albert Bandura - Has taught psychology his entire career at Stanford University, where he has developed a broader perspective on behavior therapy by bringing in a social learning component.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

   The beginnings of behavioral therapy can be found at the crossroads of the rise of behaviorism as the philosophical view and empiricism as a growing method in psychology. With the advent of systematic desensitization in the 1950s, however, behavior therapy came into its own and grew quickly during the 1960s as an alternative to psychodynamic approaches.

VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE

   Behavior therapists view humans as products of their experiences. People are neither good nor bad. But the behavior therapists do view humans as hedonistic in nature, responding to requests to end or decrease personal suffering or to promote greater pleasure and enjoyment in life. Behavior therapists have no model of optimal human functioning toward which clients led.

DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

   Psychopathology, from the behavioral perspective, is defined as behavior that is advantageous or dangerous to the individual and/or to other people. It can result from insufficient cues to predict consequences or from inadequate reinforcement. One of the most painful of all maladaptive behaviors stems from an overly severe set of self-standards, and the resulting excess of self-criticism.

GOALS OF THERAPY

  The goal of behavioral therapy is to extinguish the client's identified maladaptive behavior and to introduce or strengthen adaptive behavior that can serve as a replacement and enable him or her to live a productive life. 

   The key to reaching this goal is learning new behaviors. The relies on three paradigms that can stand alone but are often integrated in this approach:

• Respondent learning
• Operant conditioning
• Social modeling

 FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST

   The behavior therapist is generally very active in counseling. He or She serves as a consultant, a supporter, a resource, and a model. Functionally, the behavior therapist facilitates a process involving four major steps:

• Accurately defining the problem.
• Gathering a developmental history of the clients.
• Establishing specific goals.
• Determining the best methods for change.

MAJOR METHODS and TECHNIQUES

   Because its task is to resolve client symptoms, there are literally dozens and dozens of behavior therapy techniques. Some of the common methods include:

• Behavioral assessment - specifying  an individualize treatment plan.
• Positive reinforcement - giving reward for positive behavior.
• Token economies - using tokens to be exchanged for desired objects or privileges.
• Assertiveness training - enabling clients to express thoughts and feelings more freely.
• Modeling - learning through observing the behavior of another.
• Relaxation training - discriminating between tense and relaxed muscle groups to relax on cue.
• Systematic desensitization - paring of a neutral stimulus with one that are already elicits fear.
• Flooding - maximizing the anxious state of a client for eventual extinction.

APPLICATION

    Research has shown different forms of behavior therapy to be effective in treating anger, obsessive-compulsive disorders, phobias, depression, alcoholism, sexual dysfunction, parahilias, marital distress, and childhood disorders. It has been used successfully in a wide variety of settings.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

   Behavior therapy provides a relatively coherent conceptual framework of psychotherapy. It is committed to systematization, objectivity, evaluation, and a solid research base. It provides clients with an understanding of the treatment process and also supplies the practitioner with an abundance of effective techniques.

   Behavior therapy, however, is criticized for not dealing with the total person. Critics also point to relatively little attention the behavioral approach has devoted to the therapeutic process.

SUBMIITED BY:

BARDINAS, Evelyn

RENCIO, Jomalou

TANAYAN, Geraldine

TOLENTINO, Leopoldo

RIEZA, Freda